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1 flykkjast, hópast
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2 hjörî, flokkur
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3 HÓPR
(-s, -ar), m. troop, flock, crowd.* * *m. [Dan. hob; Swed. hop; the Engl. heap, Germ. haufen, would answer to Icel. haupr, which does not exist]:—a troop, flock, bevy; mann-hópr, a host of men, Bjarn. 52, Skáld H. 6. 47, Pass. 21. 10: freq. in mod. usage, e. g. í sinn hóp, among one’s own equals; fjár-hópr, a flock of sheep; fugla-hópr, a bevy of birds. hópa-kaup, n. a purchasing in lots. -
4 breiða
(-dda, -ddr), v. to spread; breiða borð, to lay the cloth on the table; breiða fáðm, to stretch out the arms; breiða út, to lay out for dryinig, as hay; breiða út hendr, to stretch out the hands; breiða et yfir en, to cover one with a thing, chiefly of the bedclothes.* * *1.dd, [Ulf. braidjan; Germ. breiten], to ‘broaden,’ unfold; b. feld á höfuð sér, to spread a cloak on the head, Nj. 164; b. út, to lay out for drying, Sd. 179, Ld. 290, Fbr. 17, chiefly of hay; b. völl and b. hey a völl, Jb. 193; b. e-t yfir e-n, to cover one in a thing, chiefly of the bed-clothes, Nj. 20, Fms. viii. 237; b. út hendr, to stretch out the hands, vii. 250, Th. 9; b. faðm, id., Rm. 16, Pass. 34. 2; b. borð (mod., b. á borð), to lay the cloth on the table, Bs. ii. 42.2.u, f. a drift, flock, of snow, hay, or the like; also fjár-breiða, a flock of white sheep; ábreiða, a cover, etc. -
5 FLOKKR
(-s, -ar), m.1) body of men (f. eru fimm menn);2) company, host (þeir gengu allir í einum flokki);3) band, troop, party; hefja, reisa, flokk, to raise a band; fylla flokk e-s, to join one’s party, to side with one;4) short poem, without refrains (opp. to drápa).* * *m. akin to fólk, [A. S. floc; Engl. flock; Dan. flok; Swed. flock]I. a body of men; in law five men make a flokkr; flokkr eru fimm menn, Edda 108; þat heitir f. er fimm menn eru saman, N. G. L. i. 61:—a company, host, party, þeir gengu allir í einum flokki, Nj. 100; engla flokkar, a host of angels, Greg. 34; marga flokka, Th. 3; hlaupa í gegn ór öðrum flokki, Grág. ii. 10: adverb., flokkum, in crowds, 656. 18; flokkum þeir fóru, Sl. 63:—a troop, band, hefja flokk, to raise a band, to rebel, Fms. viii. 273, ix. 4; ofríki flokkanna, vii. 293; fara með flokk, to roam about, 318:—a tribe, company, in a good sense, Stj. 321, 322, passim, and so in mod. usage.COMPDS: flokkaatvígi, flokkaferð, flokksforingi, flokkshöfðingi, flokksmaðr, flokksvíg.II. a short poem, Ísl. ii. 237, Fms. v. 227, vi. 391, xi. 203, 204: as the name of poems, Brands-flokkr, Sturl. iii. 90; Tryggva-f., Fms. iii. 54, 116; Kálfs-f., 123; Valþjófs-f., vi. 426; cp. esp. Gunnl. S. and Knytl. S. l. c., vide drápa.2. in mod. usage an epic poem consisting of several cantos is called flokkr or rímna-flokkr; thus Úlfars-rímur, Núma-rímur, Þrymlur, etc. are each of them a flokkr, but the Skíða-ríma or Ólafs-ríma, being single rhapsodies, are not so called. -
6 HJÖRÐ
(gen. hjarðar, dat. hjörðu; pl. hjarðir), f. herd, flock.* * *f., gen. hjarðar, dat. hjörðu, pl. hjarðir, [Ulf. hairda = αγέλη, ποίμνη; A. S. heord; Engl. herd; O. H. G. herta; Germ. heerde; Swed.-Dan. hjord]:—a herd, flock, Hm. 20, 70, Hým. 17 (of oxen), Gþl. 400, Fms. vii. 54, N. G. L. i. 146, Fb. i. 151, Þorf. Karl. 376; gæta hjarðar, to tend flocks, Stj. 460, 462, passim: eccl., Guðs h., Hom. 85, Mar., Post.COMPDS: hjarðarhundr, hjarðarsveinn, hjarðartröð, Hjarðar-holt, Hjarðar-dalr, Hjarðar-nes, Landn. -
7 RYÐJA
(ryð, rudda, ruddr), v.1) to clear, free (land) from trees (ryðja markir; hann ruddi lönd í Haukadal);ryðja götu gegnum skóg, to clear, open a road through a forest;2) to clear, empty;ryðja búrit, to empty the pantry;ryðja skip, to unload a ship;ryðja höfn, to clear the harbour, leave the haven;impers., hvernig skjótt ruddi samnaðinn, how the flock dispersed;3) as a law term, to challenge;ryðja kvið, dóm, to challenge neighbours, jurors, out of the kviðr, dómr;4) with preps.:ryðja e-u á e-t, to throw, toss upon (þeir ruddu viðinum á hurðina);ryðja e-m í brott, to drive away, sweep off;ryðja sér til ríkis, to clear the way to a kingdom, obtain it by conquest;ryðja til e-s, to clear the way for a thing, prepare for (ok ruddu þeir til likgraptarins);ryðja e-u upp, to tear up (þeir ruddu upp jörðu ok grjóti);5) refl., ryðjast um, to clear one’s way, make great havoc.* * *ryð, ruddi, rutt, [this word has lost the initial h (qs. hryðja), being derived from hrjóða, denoting ‘to clear, rid of,’ cp. also hroði, hryðja, sweepings, offal; and is altogether different from rjóða = to redden; the h remains in hruðning, q. v.; see hrjóða; Engl. rid; Scot. red or redde; Dan. rydde.]B. To clear; taka at ryðja mörkina ok brenna, ok byggja síðan … en er spurðisk til Ólafs at hann ryðr markir, kölluðu þeir hann Trételgju, Hkr. i. 55; hann ruddi lönd í Haukadal, Landn. 103; Önundr konungr lagði á þat kapp mikit ok kostnað at ryðja markir ok byggja eptir ruðin, Hkr. i. 45; sumir konungar ruddu marklönd stór ok bygðu þar, 48; þeir ruddu markir ok bygðu stór héruð, 137; sú bygð var mjök sundrlaus, bygð við vötn en rudd í skógum, Ó. H. 174; hann lét húsa ok r. Ekreyjar, Fms. x. 154; hér eptir ruddisk landit ok siðaðisl, Fb. i. 575; hann lét r. viða í skógum ok byggja, Landn. 68; r. götu gegnum skóg, Fb. i. 72; r. land fyrir sér, to clear it, N. G. L. i. 173; r. götu, to open a road, Eb. 46 new Ed.; r. veg, stíg, to clear the way, Fms. x. 15, Eg. 293:—ryðja sér til rúms, to make oneself room, Fms. viii. 93; þar sem ek gæta rutt mér til rúms ok kippt manni ór sæti, Fb. i. 136; r. sér til ríkis. to clear the way to a kingdom, conquer it, Fms. iv. 60; r. sér til landa, Glúm, (in a verse):—r. skip, to clear, unload a ship, Fs. 182, Gullþ. 55, Eg. 100, Nj. 10, Fb. i.496, ii. 229: ryðja búrit, to empty it, Háv. 41–43 new Ed.:—to strip, disable, in fighting, Eg. 123:—r. höfn, to clear the harbour, leave the haven, Fms. ix. 45; ryðja lögréttu, to clear the court of strangers, Grág. i. 7; munu halir allir heimstöð ryðja, to clear, make empty the homestead, Vsp.; Valhöll ryðja fyr vegnu fólki, to clear Valhalla, make it ready for receiving slain heroes, Em. 1:—with dat., ryðja e-u brott, to drive away, 544. 38, Fms. iv. 231; ryðja herklæðum af sér, to strip off one’s armour, El. 102, cp. Hkm. 4:—to heap, pile, þeir ruddu viðinum á hurðina, they blocked up the door, Gullþ. 60:—r. til e-s, to clear the way for a thing; at r. til þeirra atburða er Ólafr konungr verðr við staddr, Fms.ii. 89; ok mundi þat r. til landauðnar, Bs. i. 24; ok ruddu þeir til líkagraptarins við Sléttu-karla, Fbr. 58; Þorlákr biskup ruddi til þess á sínum dögum, at þá var settr ok ritaðr Kristinna-laga þáttr, Bs. i. 73; ok ryði hvárr-tveggi sín vitni til bókar, K. Á. 184:—impers., hvernig skjótt ruddi samnaðinn, how the flock dispersed, Ó. H. 220.II. as a law term; ryðja kvið, dóm, or also ryðja mann ór kvið, dómi, to challenge a neighbour, juror, out of the kviðr or dómr, Grág. i. 7, 17, 34, 49, Nj. 110, 235; ef hann ryðr kvið at frændsemi, … hann skal ryðja við sjálfan sik at frændsemi ok at mægðum, skalat maðr ryðja við sjálfan sik at guðsifjum, hann skal r. við sóknar aðilja eða varnar, … ok er honum rett at r. þann upp, Grág. i. 50; sá er ór er ruddr, 31; þá er hann ruddi hann ór dómi, 31, and passim.III. reflex., ryðjask um, to clear one’s way, make great havoc; Atli hleypr upp á skip at Rúti ok ryðsk um fast, Nj. 9, Fb. ii. 219; eu þeir ruddusk um ágæta vel, Fas. ii. 492; andask ómaginn, ok ryðsk svá til ( it turns out) at ómaginn átti fé eptir, Grág. i. 224:—to throng, crowd, ryðjask að. -
8 SKREIÐ
I) f.1) shoal of fish;skreið varga, a flock of wolves;2) dried fish, = skörp skreið (skorti bæði mjöl ok skreið).* * *f. [skríða], a shoal of fish (A. S. scâlu; provinc. Engl. school), this is the Norwegian sense, see Ström Söndmor’s Beskr. i. 317; hence, skreið varga, a flock of wolves: þar dreif at honum varga skreið mikil, Bret. 150; this sense is obsolete in Icel., where it is only used of2. dried fish, as food and as an export (prop. ellipt. for skörp skreið), Eb. 272, 316, Grett. 98 new Ed.; skreið ok huðir, Eg. 69; s. ok mjöl, Nj. 16; skörp s., Fms. viii. 251; Háleysk skreið, Munk. 51; skreið var þá eingin flutt, Bs. i. 842; skreiðar-garðr, a platform for drying fish, Vm. 14; skreiðar-hlaði, a pile of skreið, Eb. 276; skreiðar-kaup, Fb. 348; skreiðar-tíund, -tollr, Vm. 47, Ám. 10 D. N. iii. 30. -
9 tót
n. [akin to tó, q. v.], a flock of wool; in ó-tót and ó-tæti, a ‘un-flock,’ a rag. -
10 au-kvisi
a, m. [prop. auð-kvisi, from auð, easy, and kveistinn, touchy; cp. kveisa, f. ulcus, dolor]; in old writers it is spelt with au or av, and sometimes with a double k, ökkvisi, Bs. i. 497 vellum MS. A. M. 499; auðkvisi, Ld. 236 C and the vellum MS. A. M. 122 A to Sturl. ii. 8; aukvisi, MS. 122 B; O. H. (Ed. 1853) reads aucvisi; it means a weakly, irritable, touchy person. Used esp. in the proverb, einn er au. ættar hverrar, cp. the Engl. there is a black sheep in every flock, Hkr. ii. 238: mun ek son minn láta heita Gizur; lítt hafa þeir aukvisar verit í Haukdæla ætt er svá hafa heitið hér til, Sturl. ii. 8, at the birth of earl Gizur. [The name Gizur was a famous name in this family, Gizur hviti, Gizur biskup, Gizur Hallsson, etc.] -
11 búðar-vörðr
or búðar-verðr, m. [verðr = cibus], the cooking and stewardship in a vessel, work which the crew was bound to do in turn day by day; cooking and dairy work was thought unworthy to be the sole business of a man, and therefore the sailors were obliged to take it turn about, cp. Eb. 194, 196, 220:—metaph. meat, meal, eigi hafða ek þina veðra … mér til búðarvarðar, the rams of thy flock I have not eaten, Stj. 181. Gen. xxxi. 38; lofa mér at búa þér búðarvörð, ‘let me set a morsel of bread before thee,’ in the Engl. V., Stj. 493. 1 Sam. xxviii. 22; ráða til b., to prepare for a meal, Fms. v. 287, viii. 357; honum þótti þar gott til blaut-fisks ok búðarvarðar, Bs. i. 853, D. N. i. 311, ii. 16, Fas. ii. 209. -
12 eigna
* * *(að), v.1) to assign, attribute to one (eigna e-m e-t); eigna sér e-t, to declare a thing to be one’s own property, to take to oneself; eigna sér land, to take land into one’s own hands;refl., eignast, to become the owner of, to get;2) to dedicate to, name after one (eigna e-m kvæði, eigna Þór hof).* * *að; e. e-m e-t, to attribute to one, Stj. 25, Grett. 147 A, Fms. v. 277: to dedicate, name after one, mikit hof ok eignat Þór, i. 294; kirkju ok e. hinum helga Kolumba, Landn. 43; eigna daga vitrum mönnum heiðnum, Bs. i. 237; eigna sér, to declare a thing to be one’s own property; fé minu ok eignir ykkr Helgu, say that you and Helga are the owners, Nj. 257; e. sér land, to take land into one’s own hands, Fms. v. 168: the proverb, sér eignar smalamaðr fé, þó enga eigi hann kindina, the shepherd calls the flock his own, though he owns not a sheep.2. reflex. to get, become the owner of, Grág. i. 4, Nj. 94, Fms. i. 28, iv. 79, Edda 145 (pref.): part. eignaðr, having possession, Fms. iv. 23, v. l. -
13 fjár-breiða
u, f. a flock of white sheep. -
14 fjár-knappr
and fjár-hópr, m. a flock. -
15 FLÓKI
m.1) matted hair or wool, felt;2) cloudlet (skýflóki).* * *a, m.I. ‘flock,’ felt, hair, wool, etc.; ullar-flóki, Edda 237, Fas. ii. 207 (freq.): of a goat’s beard, Eb. 92.COMPDS: flókahattr, flókaólpa, flókastakkr, flókatrippi.2. metaph. of dense black clouds, Vígl. 22; ský-flóki, Eb. 260.II. [A. S. flôc], a kind of halibut, passer, solea, Edda (Gl.)III. a pr. name, Landn.; hence in names of places, Flóka-dalr, etc., Landn. -
16 GAGL
n. small goose, gosling; bird.* * *n. [Ivar Aasen gagl = wild goose, cp. the Scot. a gale of geese = a flock of geese]:—a wild goose, Edda (Gl.); gagl fyrir gás, a saying, Ó. H. 87: in poetry, of any bird, hræ-g., blóð-g., etc., a carrion-crow; the word is not used in Icel. except in the saying above; the goshawk is called gagl-fár, n. and gagl-hati, a, m. goose-destroyer. -
17 geld-fé
n. a barren sheep (cp. geldær), Grág. i. 416, 421, Eg. 740, Vm. 87.COMPDS: geldfjár-afréttr, -hagar, m., -höfn, f. pasture for geldfé, Vm. 60, 80, Grág. ii. 326. geldfjár-kúgildi, n. a cow’s value paid in geldfé, Vm. 34, Jb. 361. geldfjár-rekstr, m. = geldfjárhöfn, Grág. ii. 327, Jb. 284, Dipl. iv. 9. geldfjár-samnaðr, m. a flock of geldfé, Grág. i. 416. -
18 GÖR
* * *and ger, n. a flock of birds of prey; þar var hrafna gör, Höfuðl. 9; hræva gör, carrion crows, Merl. 2. 68, (in both passages rhyming with a word having ø for root vowel); opt er fiskr í fugla geri, there are often fish where gulls gather, Hallgr. in Snót 212 2nd Ed. (for the gulls guide the fishermen to the shoals of fish); þá fylgir því gör mikit ok áta, Sks. 140. -
19 hnoðri
a, m. a fleece or flock of wool; ullar-h., freq.: metaph., ský-h., a fleecy cloud, boding a rising gale: botan., hellu-h., see hella. -
20 KIND
* * *(pl. kindir and kindr), f.1) kind, race; fyrða (gumna, seggja, skatna, ýta) kind, the sons of men, mankind;2) creature, being; lifði engi kvik kind eptir, no living creature lived after; sterkari en nökkur kind önnur, stronger than any other creature; helgar.* * *f., pl. kindir, mod. kindr; [A. S. cind, gecynd; Engl. kind; cp. Lat. gent-em ( gens)]:—kind, kin, kith, of men and beasts; helgar kindir, ‘holy-kind’ = the gods, Vsp. 1, opp. to mann-kind, mankind; ok ólusk þaðan af mannkindir, Edda 6; bæði karl-kindar ok kvenn-kindar, both of male kind and female kind, 79; mellu kind, the giantess kind, Nj. (in a verse); Hrímnis kind, giant kind, Hdl.; Fenris kind, the kith of F. = the wolves; Ellu kind, the kith of Ella = the English; Gamla kind, Fjölnis kind, the kindred of G. (Fjölni); Jamta kindir, the Jamt people; Bjarmskar kindir, the Perms; Syslu kind, the Osel people, Vsp. 32, Ó. H. (in a verse), Fagrsk. (in a verse), Hallfred, Hkr. i. (in a verse), Ýt.; Svía kind, the Swedish people, id.: mann-kind. q. v.; firða kind, virða, ljóna, skatna, seggja, gumna, ýta kind or kindir, the kind ( sons) of men = mankind, Sól. 1, Rekst. 4, Vsp. 14, Likn. 3;, Lex. Poët. passim; þær kindir, those people, Gkv. 2. 31; hver kind, what kind of people? = who? Kormak; þvi fólki er svá háttað at þat er miklu stærra ok sterkara en nokkur kind önnur, than any other creature, Fas. ii. 234; hverjar kindir ætar eru, what kind (of beasts) may be eaten? K. Þ. K. 130; lifði engi kvik kind eptir (no ‘quick kind,’ living creatures, lived after), útan ein öldrud kona ok kapall, D. I. i. 246; allar konur sem annars kyns ok kindar eru en hann, Stj. 207; allir ok sérhverir klerkar, hverrar stéttar, vígslu eða tignar sem hverr er, N. G. L. iii. 280: a child, Germ. kind, leysa kind frá konum, of a midwife. Sdm. 9.II. in mod. usage, sheep, plur. kindur, ellipt. from sauð-kind, ‘sheep-kind;’ sér eignar smalamaðr fé, þó enga eigi hann kindina, the shepherd calls the sheep his own, though he owns no sheep thereof, a saying; kindrnar hlupu allar saman í einn hnapp, … kindrnar liðu hægt og hægt og smábítandi undan piltinum, … nú verð eg að fara og hóa kindunum dálítið lengra fram eptir, Piltr og Stúlka 9–13; þessa kind veit eg ekki hver á, 19; æ! hvaða smali er það skrattinn sá arna, að þekkja ekki kindrnar hans fóður síns! 20, 21:—hence, kind-lauss, sheepless, 15; kinda-hópr, a flock of sheep, etc.2. þorsk-kind, a cod-fish; ó-kind, a nasty thing, monster; kindin þín, thou wretch! þú verðr hýdd, kindin þín! ef þú kemr of snemma heim í kveld, Piltr og Stúlka 9.
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